Anewan language
Extinct Australian Aboriginal language
| Anaiwan | |
|---|---|
| Anewan | |
| New England language | |
| Region | Armidale New South Wales, Australia |
| Ethnicity | Anēwan, Himberrong |
| Extinct | (date missing) |
| Revival | 2017-present, no native speakers |
Language family | Pama–Nyungan
|
| Dialects |
|
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | nyx |
| Glottolog | ngan1296 |
| AIATSIS[1] | D24 Southern Anaiwan, D64 Northern Anaiwan |
| ELP | Nganyaywana |
 Anaiwan (green) among other Pama–Nyungan languages (tan) | |
Anaiwan (Anēwan) is an extinct Australian Aboriginal language of New South Wales. Since 2017, there has been a revival program underway to bring the language back.
Classification
Once included in the Kuric languages, Bowern (2011) classifies Nganyaywana as a separate Anēwan (Anaiwan) branch of the Pama–Nyungan languages.[2]
Dialects
Besides Nganyaywana, Anewan may include Enneewin, with which shares about 65% of its vocabulary. Crowley (1976) counts these as distinct languages, whereas Wafer and Lissarrague (2008) consider them to be dialects.[3]
Phonology
Consonants
| Peripheral | Laminal | Apical | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Labial | Velar | Palatal | Alveolar | Retroflex | |
| Plosive | b | ɡ | ɟ | d | |
| Nasal | m | ŋ | ɲ | n | |
| Lateral | ʎ | l | |||
| Trill | r | ||||
| Approximant | w | j | ɻ | ||
Vowels
- Vowels are heard as /i, a, u/. Each may also have allophones as [e], [ɛ, ɔ], and [o].[4]
See also
References
- ^ D24 Southern Anaiwan at the Australian Indigenous Languages Database, Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies (see the info box for additional links)
- ^ Bowern, Claire. 2011. "How Many Languages Were Spoken in Australia?", Anggarrgoon: Australian languages on the web, December 23, 2011 (corrected February 6, 2012)
- ^ D64 Enneewin at the Australian Indigenous Languages Database, Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies
- ^ Crowley, Terry M. (1976). Phonological change in New England. In Dixon, R. M. W. (ed.), Grammatical categories in Australian languages: Canberra: AIAS. pp. 19–50.
External links
- Bibliography of Nganyaywana language and people resources, at the Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies
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Aboriginal peoples in New South Wales
- Koori
- Kuringgai
- Murri (mainly Queensland bordering NSW)
- Western Bundjalung people
- Anēwan
- Arakwal
- Awabakal
- Banbai
- Barranbinya
- Bidjigal
- Bigambul
- Birrbay
- Bundjalung
- Western Bundjalung
- Darkinyung
- Darug
- Djangadi
- Djiringanj
- Eora
- Gamilaraay
- Gandangara
- Geawegal
- Gidhabal/Githabul
- Gringai/Guringay
- Gumbaynggirr
- Gweagal
- Himberrong
- Jeithi
- Jitajita
- Jukambal
- Galibal
- Karenggapa
- Kawambarai/Gawambaraay
- Kula/Kurnu
- Kuringgai
- Kureinji
- Kwiambal
- Malyangapa
- Maraura
- Milpulo
- Muruwari
- Muthi Muthi
- Nhaawuparlku
- Nari-Nari
- Ngaku
- Ngambaa
- Ngarbal
- Ngarigo
- Ngiyampaa
- Ngunnawal
- Paakantyi
- Paaruntyi
- Barindji
- Tharawal
- Thaua
- Yuwaalaraay
- Walbunja
- Walgalu
- Wandandian
- Wangaaypuwan
- Wanjiwalku
- Weilwan
- Wemba-Wemba
- Wirraayaraay
- Wiyabal
- Wilyakali
- Wiradjuri
- Wodiwodi
- Wonnarua
- Worimi
- Yaygirr
- Yugambeh
- Clans: Wanggeriburra, Kombumerri, Mununjali, Tulgigin
- Yuin
- Awabakal
- Bandjalang (or Bundjalung)
- Darkinjung
- Dharug (or Eora)
- Dyirringany
- Gamilaraay (or Yuwaaliyaay)
- Kerami
- Mathi Group of Languages
- Nganywyana
- Ngiyambaa
- Ngunnawal
- Tharawal (or Dharawal)
- Wemba Wemba
- Wiradjuri
- Worimi
- Yugambeh
- By state or territory
- New South Wales
- Northern Territory
- Queensland
- South Australia
- Tasmania
- Victoria
- Western Australia
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