Spektr-M

Russian scientific satellite

Spektr-M
*Спектр-M*
Millimetron
Spacecraft properties

Mission type	Sub-millimeter/FarIR
Operator	Russian Astro Space Center
Website	http://millimetron.ru/index.php/en/


Manufacturer	NPO Lavochkin
Payload mass	6,240 kg (13,757 lb)


Start of mission
Launch date	2030 (planned)^[1]
Rocket	Angara A5
Launch site	Vostochny Site 1A
Contractor	Roscosmos


Orbital parameters
Reference system	Sun–Earth L₂
Regime	Halo orbit


Main telescope
Diameter	10 m (33 ft)
Wavelengths	0.02 to 17mm

Spektr program ← Spektr-UV

Spektr-M^[2] (Russian: Спектр-M) is a proposed Russian scientific satellite with a 10 m (33 ft) sub-millimeter to far infrared space telescope. It is designed to be a successor to the Herschel Space Observatory, covering similar wave bands, and to look into chemical evolution in the universe, black hole horizon radiation, and dark energy investigation.^[3] Spacecraft design documentation and prototyping is currently underway and expected to continue until 2023. Due to budget cuts in 2019, launch is not expected until 2030.^[4]^[1]

Overview

The purpose of this mission is to study the universe in millimeter to far infra-red wavelengths. The Herschel mission did a similar job with a smaller dish of 3.5 m (11 ft), and this is a follow-up mission. The instruments are to be cooled with liquid helium to 4.5K for part of the mission, but sun shields will allow it to continue in a degraded mode once the coolant evaporates.

It will be placed in a halo orbit around the Sun–Earth L₂ Lagrangian point.^[5]

References

^ ^a ^b "В РАН заявили об интересе к проекту российского космического телескопа" [The RAS announced its interest in the project of the Russian space telescope]. RIA Novosti (in Russian). 12 November 2021. Retrieved 18 November 2021.
^ Zak, Anatoly. "Spektr-M". RussianSpaceWeb. Retrieved 8 January 2019.
^ "Nga tính đưa kính viễn vọng lớn nhất lên vũ trụ". Báo điện tử An Ninh Thủ Đô. 9 January 2019. Retrieved 9 January 2019.
^ "Russia, France draft agreement on deep space exploration". TASS. 6 November 2019. Retrieved 7 November 2019.
^ "Millimetron". Lebedev Physical Institute. Archived from the original on 23 April 2019. Retrieved 7 November 2019.

External links

Millimetron site
Popular Mechanics (RU)

Russian space observatories

Current

Spektr-RG (2019–present)

Past

Spektr-R (2011–2019)
Mikhailo Lomonosov (2016–2019)

Planned

Spektr-UV (2030)
Gamma-400 (ru) (2030)
Spektr-M (2030)
OZIRIS

Space telescopes

Operating

Radio and Microwave	NCLE (since 2018) Solar Orbiter (since 2020) STEREO (since 2006) Queqiao (since 2018) Wind (since 1994) Queqiao 2 (since 2024)
Infrared	James Webb (since 2022) Odin (since 2001) SOLAR (since 2008) WISE (since 2009)
Optical	Aoi (since 2018) Astrosat (since 2015) BRITE constellation (since 2013) CHASE (since 2021) CHEOPS (since 2019) DSCOVR (since 2015) Euclid (since 2023) Hayabusa2 (since 2021) Gaia (since 2013) HiRISE (since 2005) Hubble (since 1990) Hinode (Solar-B) (since 2006) NEOSSat (since 2013) Odin (since 2001) SDO (since 2010) SOHO (since 1995) SOLAR (since 2008) Swift (since 2004) TESS (since 2018)
Ultraviolet	Aditya-L1 (since 2023) ASO-S (since 2022) Astrosat (since 2015) Hibari (since 2021) Hinode (Solar-B) (since 2006) IRIS (since 2013) SDO (since 2010) SOHO (since 1995) SOLAR (since 2008) Solar Orbiter (since 2020) STEREO (since 2006) Swift (since 2004)
X-ray and Gamma-ray	AGILE (since 2007) CALET (since 2015) Chandra (AXAF) (since 1999) DAMPE (since 2015) Einstein Probe (since 2024) HXMT (Insight) (since 2017) INTEGRAL (since 2002) Fermi (since 2008) GECAM (since 2020) IXPE (since 2021) Spektr-RG (since 2019) Swift (since 2004) Max Valier Sat (since 2017) MAXI (since 2009) MinXSS-2 (since 2018) NICER (since 2017) NuSTAR (since 2012) LEIA (since 2022) XRISM (since 2023) XPoSat (since 2024) XMM-Newton (since 1999)
Other (particle or unclassified)	ACE (since 1997) AMS-02 (since 2011) CALET (since 2015) DAMPE (since 2015) IBEX (since 2008) ISS-CREAM (since 2017) Mini-EUSO (since 2019) SOHO (since 1995) Solar Orbiter (since 2020) STEREO (since 2006)

Planned

ILO-X (2024)
K-EUSO (2024)
PETREL (2024)
SVOM (2024)
Xuntian (2024)
SPHEREx (2025)
Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope (2026)
PLATO (2026)
COSI (2027)
LORD (2027)
JASMINE (2028)
NEO Surveyor (2028)
Solar-C EUVST (2028)
ARIEL (2029)
Spektr-UV (2030)
UVEX (2030)
Spektr-M (2030+)
LiteBIRD (2032)
Athena (2035)
LISA (2035)

Proposed

Retired

Akari (Astro-F) (2006–2011)
ALEXIS (1993–2005)
Alouette 1 (1962–1972)
Ariel 1 (1962, 1964)
Ariel 2 (1964)
Ariel 3 (1967–1969)
Ariel 4 (1971–1972)
Ariel 5 (1974–1980)
Ariel 6 (1979–1982)
ASTERIA (2017–2019)
ATM (1973–1974)
ASCA (Astro-D) (1993–2000)
Astro-1 (1990)
- BBXRT
- HUT
Astro-2 (HUT) (1995)
Astron (1983–1991)
ANS (1974–1976)
BeppoSAX (1996–2003)
CHIPSat (2003–2008)
Compton (CGRO) (1991–2000)
CoRoT (2006–2013)
Cos-B (1975–1982)
COBE (1989–1993)
CXBN-2 (2017–2019)
DXS (1993)
EPOCh (2008)
EPOXI (2010)
Explorer 11 (1961)
EXOSAT (1983–1986)
EUVE (1992–2001)
FUSE (1999–2007)
Kvant-1 (1987–2001)
GALEX (2003–2013)
Gamma (1990–1992)
Ginga (Astro-C) (1987–1991)
Granat (1989–1998)
Hakucho (CORSA-b) (1979–1985)
HALCA (MUSES-B) (1997–2005)
HEAO-1 (1977–1979)
Herschel (2009–2013)
Hinotori (Astro-A) (1981–1991)
Hisaki (SPRINT-A) (2013–2023)
HEAO-2 (Einstein Obs.) (1978–1982)
HEAO-3 (1979–1981)
HETE-2 (2000–2008)
Hipparcos (1989–1993)
IUE (1978–1996)
IRAS (1983)
IRTS (1995–1996)
ISO (1996–1998)
IXAE (1996–2004)
Kepler (2009–2018)
Kristall (1990–2001)
LEGRI (1997–2002)
LISA Pathfinder (2015–2017)
MinXSS (2015–2017)
MOST (2003–2019)
MSX (1996–1997)
Mikhailo Lomonosov (failed on-orbit)
OAO-2 (1968–1973)
OAO-3 (Copernicus) (1972–1981)
Orbiting Solar Observatory
- OSO 1
- OSO B
- OSO 3
- OSO 4
- OSO 5
- OSO 6
- OSO 7
- OSO 8
Orion 1 (1971)
Orion 2 (1973)
PAMELA (2006–2016)
PicSat (2018)
Planck (2009–2013)
RELIKT-1 (1983–1984)
R/HESSI (2002–2018)
ROSAT (1990–1999)
RXTE (1995–2012)
SAMPEX (1992–2004)
SAS-B (1972–1973)
SAS-C (1975–1979)
Solwind (1979–1985)
Spektr-R (2011–2019)
Spitzer (2003–2020)
Suzaku (Astro-EII) (2005–2015)
Taiyo (SRATS) (1975–1980)
Tenma (Astro-B) (1983–1985)
Uhuru (1970–1973)
Vanguard 3 (1959)
WMAP (2001–2010)
Yokoh (Solar-A) (1991–2001)

Hibernating
(Mission completed)

SWAS (1998–2005)
TRACE (1998–2010)

Lost/Failed

OAO-1 (1966)
OAO-B (1970)
CORSA (1976)
CXBN (2012–2013)
OSO C (1965)
ABRIXAS (1999)
HETE-1 (1996)
WIRE (1999)
Astro-E (2000)
Tsubame (2014–2015)
Hitomi (Astro-H) (2016)

Cancelled

Aelita
AOSO
Astro-G
Constellation-X
Darwin
Destiny
EChO
Eddington
FAME
FINESSE
GEMS
HOP
IXO
JDEM
LOFT
OSO J
OSO K
Sentinel
SIM & SIMlite
SNAP
SPICA
SPOrt
TAUVEX
TPF
XEUS
XIPE

Category:Space telescopes

Soviet and Russian space program

Roscosmos

Launch sites

Launch vehicles

Angara
Proton
Soyuz

Human spaceflight
programs

Past	Vostok Voskhod Salyut Almaz (incorporated into Salyut program) / TKS Soyuz-Apollo (joint) Mir Shuttle–Mir (joint) Energia / Buran
Cancelled	Zond (7K-L1) (Moon flyby) Soviet crewed lunar programs (Moon landing) Zvezda (moonbase) TMK (Mars/Venus flyby) Spiral Zvezda Zarya MAKS Kliper
Active	International Space Station (joint) Russian Orbital Segment Soyuz
In development	Orel

Robotic
programs

Past	DS (1961–1982) Prognoz (1972–1996) Luna programme (1958–1976) Venera (1961–1985) Zond program (1964–1970) Astron (1983-1991) Vega program (1984-1987) Phobos program (failed) (1988-1989) Granat (1989-1998) Gamma (1990-1992) Mars 96 (failed) (1996) Resurs-DK No.1 (2006-2016) Koronas-Foton (2009) Fobos-Grunt (failed) (2011) Spektr-R (2011–2019) Luna 25 (failed) (2023)
Active	Bion-M Elektro–L ExoMars (joint) Meteor-M Resurs-P Spektr-RG
In development	Luna-Glob Luna 26 Luna 27 Luna 28 Kazachok Spektr-UV