Shortnin' Bread

Traditional song

"Shortnin' Bread"
Song
Writtenc. 1890s
Published1900
Songwriter(s)James Whitcomb Riley

"Shortnin' Bread" (also spelled "Shortenin' Bread", "Short'nin' Bread", or "Sho'tnin' Bread") is an American folk song dating back at least to 1900, when James Whitcomb Riley published it as a poem. While there is speculation that Riley may have based his poem on an earlier African-American plantation song,[1] no definitive evidence of such an origin has yet been uncovered. A "collected" version of the song was published by E. C. Perrow in 1915. It is song number 4209 in the Roud Folk Song Index.

Shortening bread refers to a bread made of corn meal and/or flour and lard shortening.

Origins

The origin of "Shortnin' Bread" is obscure. Despite speculation of African-American roots, it is possible that it may have originated with Riley as a parody of a plantation song, in the minstrel or coon song traditions popular at the time.[2][3]

Riley titled the song "A Short'nin' Bread Song—Pieced Out", and wrote the first verse as:

Fotch dat dough fum the kitchin-shed
Rake de coals out hot an' red
Putt on de oven an' putt on de led
Mammy's gwiner cook som short'nin' bread[4]

The dialect rendered into common English would be:

Fetch that dough, from the kitchen shed
Rake those coals out, hot and red
Put on the oven and put on the lid
Mommy's going to cook some short'nin' bread

The verse includes:

When corn plantin' done come roun'
Blackbird own de whole plowed groun'
Corn is de grain as I've hearn said
Dat's de blackbird's short'nin' bread

Another pair of verses may be later, and exist in several versions:

Three little children, lying in bed
Two was sick and the other 'most dead
Send for the doctor and the doctor said
"feed them children on short'nin' bread"

When those children, sick in bed,
heard that talk 'bout short'nin' bread.
They popped up well, to dance and sing,
skipping around and cut the pigeon wing.

In some versions there are two children instead of three - and the "other" either "bump'd his head" or "was dead". The first doesn't quite scan.[clarification needed] The children (or "chillun") were once referred to by one of several racist terms.

Other verses include:

Pull out the skillet, pull out the led,
Mama's gonna make a little short'nin' bread
That ain't all she's gonna do,
Mama's gonna make a little coffee too

I slipped to the kitchen, slipped on the led,
slipped my pockets full of short'nin' bread.
I stole the skillet, I stole the led,
I stole the girl who makes short'nin' bread

They caught me with the skillet, They caught me with the led,
They caught me with the girl who makes short'nin' bread.
I paid six dollars for the skillet, six dollars for the led,
Spent six months in jail eating short'nin' bread.

Reese DuPree composed a version recorded in 1927.[5]

Folk version

Titled "Shortened Bread", E. C. Perrow published the first folk version of this song in 1915, which he collected from East Tennessee in 1912.[6] The folk version of the song—as with Riley's—does not have any distinct theme, but consists of various floating lyrics, some relating to "shortnin' bread", some not. The traditional chorus associated with the folk song goes:

Mammy's little baby loves short'nin', short'nin'
Mammy's little baby loves short'nin' bread (rpt.)

Other renditions

Version by Clayton McMichen

In popular culture

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Music

Film

Television

References

  1. ^ Wade, Stephen. The Beautiful Music all Around Us: Field Recordings and the American Experience. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2012. p. 93.
  2. ^ ""Minstrel show : American Theater"". Britannica.com.
  3. ^ ""The History of Ragtime: Cakewalk and Coon song"". Blackmusicscholar.com.
  4. ^ Eitel, The Complete Works of James Whitcomb Riley, p. 119.
  5. ^ "Du Pree, Reese". Discography of American Historical Recordings.
  6. ^ Perrow, "Songs and Rhymes from the South", p. 142: "from Tennessee mountain whites, 1912". Archive.org
  7. ^ "Shortening Bread" – via YouTube.
  8. ^ ""Paul Robeson, Green Pastures [X27]"". Cpsr.cs.uchicago.edu.
  9. ^ "The Andrews Sisters : Shortenin' Bread. Recorded in 1938. Composed By Wood; Wolfe" – via YouTube.
  10. ^ "Shortnin' Bread : The Viscounts" – via YouTube.
  11. ^ "Shortnin' Bread" – via YouTube.
  12. ^ "Fats Waller & His Rhythm - Shortnin' Bread" – via YouTube.
  13. ^ "Short'nin' Bread (Remastered)" – via YouTube.
  14. ^ "Shortnin' Bread by Frances Faye" – via YouTube.
  15. ^ "NELSON EDDY SINGS SHORTNIN BREAD jame whitcombe riley 1938" – via YouTube.
  16. ^ "Shortnin' bread" – via YouTube.
  17. ^ "Short'nin' Bread" – via YouTube.
  18. ^ "Shortnin' Bread" – via YouTube.
  19. ^ "Charles Mingus - Shortnin' Bread" – via YouTube.
  20. ^ "The Beach Boys - Shortnin' Bread (From the Adult Child album)" – via YouTube.
  21. ^ "Klaus Flouride - Shortnin Bread / The Drowning Cowboy (1982)" – via YouTube.
  22. ^ "Shortnin' Bread" – via YouTube.
  23. ^ "The Cramps - Shortnin' Bread (1990)" – via YouTube.
  24. ^ "Shortnin' Bread" – via YouTube.
  25. ^ "Shortenin' Bread by The Tractors" – via YouTube.
  26. ^ "Shortnin' Bread - Dance Performance by Troupe 212 at Laurie Berkner Band Concert" – via YouTube.
  27. ^ "Mama's Little Baby Loves Shortnin' Bread 🎵 Sing Along Nursery Rhyme with The Wiggles" – via YouTube.
  28. ^ "Israel's Arcade - Full Live Set" – via YouTube.
  29. ^ "Alice Cooper Recalls Bizarre Sing-a-long with Iggy Pop and Brian Wilson". Rttnews.com. Retrieved 20 February 2024.
  30. ^ Broven, John (2009). Record makers and breakers: voices of the independent rock 'n' roll pioneers. University of Illinois Press. pp. 363ff. ISBN 978-0-252-03290-5.
  31. ^ "Compare Dave 'Baby' Cortez' 'The Happy Organ' with James Whitcomb Riley's 'Shortnin' Bread'". who sampled: Exploring the DNA of music. Retrieved 18 October 2014.
  32. ^ "Paul Chaplain and his Emeralds". Billboard.com. Retrieved 31 May 2021.
  33. ^ Archived at Ghostarchive and the Wayback Machine: "Sittin' in a High Chair - by Hap Palmer - Baby Songs". YouTube.
  34. ^ Bettencourt, Scott. "THE YEAR IN FILM MUSIC: 1989". Film Score Monthly. Retrieved 29 June 2014.
  35. ^ Feldman, Leslie Dale (18 January 2019). The Political Theory of I Love Lucy: Speed It Up!. Lexington Books. p. 16. ISBN 978-1498541558. Retrieved 2 April 2020.

Bibliography

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