Manchester, Houston

Manchester is a community in southeastern Houston, Texas, United States.

Manchester has 6 square miles (16 km²) of area.^[1] It is located in close proximity to the Houston Ship Channel,^[2] and many chemical plants, refineries, and sewage facilities.

History

Manchester began in the 1860s as a railroad switch. By the 1970s the area became predominantly industrial and by the 1980s the area became predominantly Hispanic.^[3]

The State of Texas concluded that, since 2000, the area had the highest annual averages of 1,3-Butadiene of any area in Texas.^[4] On May 27, 2005, the State opened a pollution monitor in Manchester.^[5]

In 2019 Mayor of Houston Sylvester Turner added Manchester to the Complete Communities program.^[6]

Cityscape

About 455 houses combined are in Harrisburg and Manchester. Area features include chemical plants, refineries, sewage facilities,^[7] car crushing facilities, and hazardous cargo areas. Nearby plants are owned by Goodyear, LyondellBasell, Texas Petro-Chemicals, and Valero.^[8]

It is near Magnolia Park.^[2]

Government and infrastructure

Manchester is in Houston City Council District I.^[9]

The Harris Health System (formerly Harris County Hospital District) designated the Ripley Health Center for the ZIP code 77012.^[10] In 2000 Ripley was replaced by the Gulfgate Health Center.^[11] The designated public hospital is Ben Taub General Hospital in the Texas Medical Center.^[10]

Demographics

As of 2017^[update] about 4,000 people lived around Manchester.^[1] As of 2018^[update] almost 2,000 people live in the Harrisburg/Manchester area, with 98% being Hispanic or Latino.^[7]

In the city of Houston-defined Harrisburg/Manchester Super Neighborhood, which also includes Harrisburg, there were 2,926 residents in 2015. 82% were Hispanics, 14% were non-Hispanic blacks, and 3% were non-Hispanic whites. The percentages of non-Hispanic Asians and others were both zero. In 2000 the super neighborhood had 3,768 residents. 88% were Hispanics, 6% were non-Hispanic blacks, and 5% were non-Hispanic whites. The percentages of non-Hispanic Asians and others were both zero.^[12]

Crime, poverty, and illness

Kristin Moe of Yes! stated that occasional bouts of illness occur due to the chemical plants, and that "Drugs, unemployment, and gangs are a problem."^[8] Dina Capello of the Houston Chronicle stated in 2005 that drug dealers and prostitutes reside in the area.^[13]

Education

Manchester is within the Houston Independent School District.^[14] Zoned schools include:

J. R. Harris Elementary School^[15]
Deady Middle School^[16]
Milby High School^[17]

Parks and recreation

Hartman Park is located in Manchester.^[18]

References

^ ^a ^b Manjad, Raj (2017-08-15). "As Houston plots a sustainable path forward, it's leaving this neighborhood behind". Grist. Retrieved 2019-04-02.
^ ^a ^b "TEJAS: Environmental Justice Texas Style" (PDF). Houston History Magazine. p. 22 (PDF p. 4/5). Retrieved 2019-04-02. - From "Where is Manchester?"
^ Manchester, Texas (Harris County) from the Handbook of Texas Online
^ "State Results: Pollution Glance." Houston Chronicle.
^ "Area residents welcome state pollution monitor / Manchester's air will be tested round-the-clock." Houston Chronicle. (Alternate version [1]^{[permanent dead link]}).
^ Scherer, Jasper (20 June 2019). "Turner adds five neighborhoods to Complete Communities program".
^ ^a ^b "Environmental Racism in Houston's Harrisburg/Manchester Neighborhood". Stanford University. Retrieved 2019-04-02.
^ ^a ^b Moe, Kristin (2013-04-22). "Houston's Most Polluted Neighborhood Draws the Line at Alberta Tar Sands". Yes! Magazine. Yes. Retrieved 2019-04-02.
^ City of Houston, Council District Maps, District I Archived 2013-09-18 at the Wayback Machine." City of Houston. Retrieved on November 5, 2011.
^ ^a ^b "Clinic/Emergency/Registration Center Directory By ZIP Code". Harris County Hospital District. 2001-11-19. Archived from the original on 2001-11-19. Retrieved 2021-04-08. - See ZIP code 77012. See this map for relevant ZIP code.
^ "Gulfgate Health Center" (Archive). Harris County Hospital District. Accessed October 17, 2008.
^ "Super Neighborhood Resource Assessment No. 65 Harrisburg/Manchester" (PDF). City of Houston. Retrieved 2019-08-15.
^ Capello, Dina (2005-01-16). "Chronicle cross-county study reveals risky load of 'air toxics'". Houston Chronicle. Retrieved 2019-04-02.
^
Harris County block book maps:
- 4: http://books.tax.hctx.net/BlockBooksPDF/v053/AE1997_Vol_52-53_0301.pdf and http://books.tax.hctx.net/v053/AE1997_Vol_52-53_0301.jpg
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- 51: http://books.tax.hctx.net/BlockBooksPDF/v053/AE1997_Vol_52-53_0325.pdf and http://books.tax.hctx.net/v053/AE1997_Vol_52-53_0325.jpg
- 52: http://books.tax.hctx.net/BlockBooksPDF/v053/AE1997_Vol_52-53_0327.pdf and http://books.tax.hctx.net/v053/AE1997_Vol_52-53_0327.jpg
- 53: http://books.tax.hctx.net/BlockBooksPDF/v053/AE1997_Vol_52-53_0326.pdf and http://books.tax.hctx.net/v053/AE1997_Vol_52-53_0326.jpg
^ "J. R. Harris Elementary Attendance Zone." Houston Independent School District.
^ "Deady Middle Attendance Zone." Houston Independent School District.
^ "Milby High School Attendance Zone." Houston Independent School District.
^ "As Houston plots a sustainable path forward, it's leaving this neighborhood behind". Texas Tribune. 2017-08-23. Retrieved 2019-04-02.

External links

"1999-2003 Community Health Profiles: Harrisburg/Manchester Super Neighborhood" (PDF). City of Houston.
Sansom, Garett Thomas (May 2016). "ASSESSMENT OF COMMUNITY HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL RISK PERCEPTIONS IN THE NEIGHBORHOOD OF MANCHESTER, HOUSTON, TX" (PDF). Texas A&M University. (public health PhD thesis) - info page
Horney, Jennifer A.; Gaston A. Casillas; Erin Baker; Kahler W. Stone; Katie R. Hirsch; Krisa Camargo; Terry L. Wade; Thomas J. McDonald (2018). "Comparing residential contamination in a Houston environmental justice neighborhood before and after Hurricane Harvey". PLOS One. 13 (2): e0192660. Bibcode:2018PLoSO..1392660H. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0192660. PMC 5805347. PMID 29420658.
Sansom, Garett; Philip Berke; Thomas McDonald; Eva Shipp; Jennifer Horney (2016). "Confirming the Environmental Concerns of Community Members Utilizing Participatory-Based Research in the Houston Neighborhood of Manchester". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 13 (9): 839. doi:10.3390/ijerph13090839. PMC 5036672. PMID 27563915. S2CID 20401338.
Trovall, Elizabeth (2018-06-22). "Along Ship Channel, Houston's Manchester Neighborhood Grapples With Poor Air Quality". Houston Public Media.
"Double Jeopardy in Houston: Acute and Chronic Chemical Exposures Pose Disproportionate Risks for Marginalized Communities (2016)". Union of Concerned Scientists. - Summaries in English and Spanish, with the full report in English
"Air Toxics and Health in the Houston Community of Manchester" (PDF). Union of Concerned Scientists.