Three seen in Sverdlovsk.[18][19] Six seen in 2015.[20] Over 34 claimed supplied by Russia.[21] T72BM not exported from Russia.[15][18] One seen in convoy in Sverdlovsk.[18][6][10][22]
It was only adopted in Russia in early 2013. It is not known to have been exported to any other country.[1][6] Seen on videos filmed by the separatists.[6] Also seen destroyed in Novosvitlivka.[28][unreliable source?]
The 2B26 machine is a Russian modification of the original BM-21 launcher. It was first produced in 2011.[64][unreliable source?] It is seen on a video with separatists firing Grads in January 2015.[34][65][unreliable source?][66]
One from the Vostok Battalion was seen near the Donetsk Airport in July 2014 nicknamed "Лягушонок" (frogling).[1][69][unreliable source?] One seen in a Sverdlovsk convoy.[18] Another one spotted by OSCE SMM in 2021 nearl Luhansk.[70]
It is not known to have been exported to Ukraine. Seen in Luhansk and Makiivka in early 2015.[34][71][72][73][unreliable source?] Its used rocket components were also reported to be observed in Ukraine in November 2014.[1]
Supplied by Russia (Ukrainian claim).[1][74][75] Captured from Ukrainian armouries (DPR claim).[76] The system has identification friend or foe system which undermines DPR claims.[77][unreliable source?]
This Polish weapon was reportedly captured from pro-Russian separatists. It was fitted with a Russian-made 9P516 gripstock, designed for the 9K38 Igla. Russian forces are known to have captured some of these from Georgia.[1]
Electronic warfare
Name
Type
Quantity
Origin
Photo
Notes
R-330Zh Zhitel
Anti-cellular and satellite communications jamming station
One station spotted by an unmanned aerial vehicle of the OSCE Special Monitoring Mission near Michurine in August 2015 and 11 km south of Donetsk city in June 2016.[78][79]
RB-341V Leer-3
Anti-GSM reconnaissance and jamming station, with Orlan-10 drones
C-band ultra-high frequency (300 MHz-1 GHz) 2D target acquisition radar designed to acquire the range and heading of small targets flying at low altitudes. Installed on KamAZ-43114 6×6 off-road chassis.
At least one plane retrofited from Lugansk museum.[84][85] On 19 January 2015, a LPR militia video showed a Georgian volunteer test driving an operational L-29 on a runway.[86] In 2018, one L-29 was displayed in Donetsk on Victory Day.
Four shot down by Ukrainian forces in 2014[1][98][unreliable source?] and one in 2016. Another one crashed on Ukrainian territory in 2017.[99][unreliable source?] On 13 May 2017 the OSCE Special Monitoring Mission saw a Orlan-10 flying over the road from Makiivka (12 km north-east of Donetsk) to Donetsk city.[100]
^ abcdefgGaleotti points out that: "On paper this is a truly formidable force,(...) but shortages of trained crews and maintenance problems mean that in practice the field force has only a fraction of that strength." (Galeotti 2019, p. 27)
^As of the time of writing, they weren't deployed in battle, with their use tightly controlled by the Russian government. (Galeotti 2019, p. 27) As Galeotti puts it: "While the Russians may have provided some to the DNR forces, by all accounts they maintain close control over their use, even withholding the rockets until they are willing to see them deployed." (Galeotti 2019, p. 35)
Bibliography
Galeotti, Mark (27 June 2019). Armies of Russia's War in Ukraine. Bloomsbury Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4728-3345-7. Retrieved 30 July 2023.
References
^ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzaaabacadaeafagahaiajakalamanaoapaqarasatauavawaxayazbabbbcbdbebfbgbhbibjbkblbmbnbobpbqbrbsbtbubvbwbxbybzcacbcccdcecfcgchcicjckclcmcncocpcqcrcsctcucvcwcxcyczdadbdcdddeFerguson, Jonathan; Jenzen-Jones, N.R. (2014). "Raising Red Flags: An Examination of Arms & Munitions in the Ongoing Conflict in Ukraine. (Research Report No. 3)" (PDF). ARES. Retrieved 4 February 2015.
^ abWeapons of the War in Ukraine (PDF) (Report). London: Conflict Armament Research. 2021. pp. 26, 102.
^ abcdefghBender, Jeremy. "Here Are All The Russian Weapons Separatists Are Using In Ukraine". Business Insider. Archived from the original on 22 September 2022. Retrieved 20 September 2022.
^"Ukrainian Killed And Pro-Russian Fighters Injured In Clashes Over Police HQ". The Huffington Post UK. 13 April 2014. Retrieved 5 February 2015.
^ abcdefghijFerguson, Jonathan; Jenzen-Jones, N.R. (2014). "Raising Red Flags: An Examination of Arms & Munitions in the Ongoing Conflict in Ukraine. (Research Report No. 3) – Annexes" (PDF). ARES. Retrieved 6 February 2015.
^ abcdefghijklPlokšto, Artur; Demeško, Andriej (30 June 2017). Armaments used in the Ukrainian conflict 2014–2015(PDF). Security and Defence Quarterly. Retrieved 21 June 2023.
^Посылка для вашего мальчика: Ополченцы приноровились сбрасывать гранаты с беспилотников (видео) [A parcel for your boy: Insurgents figured to drop grenades from UAVs (video)]. Русская весна (in Russian). 15 August 2014. Retrieved 6 February 2015.
^Motorola's appeal to Russians. 8 October 2014. Retrieved 9 December 2014.
^ abTsvetkova Maria and Vasovic Aleksandar (23 October 2014). "Exclusive: Charred tanks in Ukraine point to Russian involvement". Reuters. Retrieved 19 November 2014.
^"Russian MRO-A Rocket Launchers in Ukraine". Armament Research Services (ARES). 1 June 2014. Retrieved 5 February 2015.
^Richard Balmforth, Maria Tsvetkova (7 July 2014). "Ukraine threatens rebels with 'nasty surprise' in new push". Reuters. Retrieved 16 May 2019.
^"Советский средний и основной боевой танк первого поколения Т-62М в зоне СВО. На службе резервистов НМ ДНР". 14 June 2022. Retrieved 14 June 2022.
^ ab"Pro-Russian separatist tank variant supports Russian source". International Institute for Strategic Studies. Archived from the original on 18 October 2014. Retrieved 18 October 2014.
^Marcus, Jonathan (14 June 2014). "Russia and Ukraine's mystery tanks". BBC News. Retrieved 1 March 2015.
^ abcdefghiInternational Institute for Strategic Studies (2022). The Military Balance 2022. Abingdon, Oxon. p. 215. ISBN 978-1032279008.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
^ abcdeJonathan Marcus (27 August 2014). "Ukraine crisis: T-72 tank shoots hole in Russian denial". BBC News. Retrieved 30 August 2014.
^"В СБУ привели очередные доказательства поставки оружия из России". Ukrainskaya Pravda. Retrieved 4 December 2015.
^Yulia Silina (9 May 2015). "Ukraine rebels stage WWII parade as Kiev holds low-key event". Donetsk: Yahoo News. Retrieved 11 May 2015.
^Танки – Т-72, Т-80, Т-90 (Второе издание 19 December 2011) (in Russian). 19 December 2011. Retrieved 6 February 2015.
^"T-72 Tanks of Russian Invaders Destroyed Near Starobesheve. PHOTOS". Censor.net. 21 September 2014. Retrieved 5 February 2015.
^"Latest from OSCE Special Monitoring Mission (SMM) to Ukraine based on information received as of 18:00 (Kyiv time), 23 January 2015". osce.org. Retrieved 2 August 2023.
^"Russian modernized BTR-80 on the occupiers' base in Donetsk". 2 February 2017.
^"Attack On Europe: Documenting Ukrainian Equipment Losses During The 2022 Russian Invasion Of Ukraine". 22 February 2022. Retrieved 2 May 2022.
^"Attack On Europe: Documenting Ukrainian Equipment Losses During The 2022 Russian Invasion Of Ukraine". 22 February 2022. Retrieved 2 May 2022.
^"Attack On Europe: Documenting Ukrainian Equipment Losses During The 2022 Russian Invasion Of Ukraine". 22 February 2022. Retrieved 2 May 2022.
^Berzov, Sergey (7 September 2014). Российский телеканал по ошибке опубликовал видео уничтоженного бронетранспортера БТР-82АМ [Russian TV-channel unintentionally published video of a destroyed BTR-82AM]. Military-Informant.com (in Russian). Archived from the original on 7 February 2015. Retrieved 7 February 2015.
^ ab"Latest from the OSCE Special Monitoring Mission to Ukraine (SMM), based on information received as of 19:30, 17 January 2018". www.osce.org. Retrieved 20 July 2023.
^OSCE Special Monitoring Mission to Ukraine (17 April 2021). "Daily Report 88/2021" (PDF). Retrieved 3 May 2021.
^"OSCE spots 15 newest Russian UAZ Esaul armored vehicles in Donbas (Drone photo)". InformNapalm.org (English). 3 May 2021. Retrieved 3 May 2021.
^ ab"Russian Army BPM-97 "Vystrel" and GAZ-39371 "Vodnik" in Krasnodon Ukraine". 12 January 2015. pp. Lugansk News Today. Retrieved 6 February 2015.
^Russian ‘Vodnik’ armored vehicles appeared in Donbas following ‘Vistrel’. PHOTOS+VIDEO. Censor.net. 12 January 2015
^ abcdCzuperski, Maksymilian; Herbst, John; Higgins, Eliot; Polyakova, Alina; Wilson, Damon (27 May 2015). Hiding in Plain Sight: Putin's War in Ukraine. Atlantic Council. ISBN 978-1-61977-996-9.
^Луганский "Выстрел" в голову кремлевской пропаганде // InformNapalm, 5 January 2015. (in Russian)
^"Russian military base with BPM-97 "Vystrel" located in Lugansk. Photos". Lugansk News Today. 28 January 2015. Retrieved 6 February 2015.
^ abKivimäki, Veli-Pekka (3 February 2015). "Bellingcat Launches the Ukraine Conflict Vehicle Tracking Project". Bellingcat.
^"Separatist fighters celebrate as key Ukrainian town falls to rebels". Chicago Tribune. 19 February 2015. Retrieved 21 October 2018.
^ abcBorn, Falcon (27 November 2014). "Mind and analytics: How much Russian activity does it take before the OSCE notice?". InformNapalm.org (English). Retrieved 20 July 2023.
^"Weekly update from OSCE Observer Mission at Russian Checkpoints Gukovo and Donetsk based on information as of 10:00 (Moscow time), 18 February 2015". www.osce.org. Retrieved 20 July 2023.
^Armed Rebels of Donetsk Republic 13 Transterramedia.com, 5 May 2014
^"Ukrainian city of Donetsk besieged by shelling". Daily Telegraph. 9 November 2014. Retrieved 9 November 2014.
^"Latest from the OSCE Special Monitoring Mission to Ukraine (SMM), based on information received as of 19:30, 8 August 2018". www.osce.org. Retrieved 20 July 2023.
^"Latest from the OSCE Special Monitoring Mission to Ukraine (SMM), based on information received as of 19:30, 3 April 2019". www.osce.org. Retrieved 20 July 2023.
^"Latest from OSCE Special Monitoring Mission (SMM) to Ukraine, based on information received as of 19:30hrs, 7 February 2016". www.osce.org. Retrieved 20 July 2023.
^"Latest from the OSCE Special Monitoring Mission to Ukraine (SMM), based on information received as of 19:30, 24 November 2017 - Ukraine | ReliefWeb". reliefweb.int. 25 November 2017. Retrieved 20 July 2023.
^ abcATO detachments successfully perform goals in liberation from terrorists occupied city. Minister of Defense of Ukraine. 2 July 2014
^"Михаил Ходарёнок: Работа наших артиллеристов из 132 бригады 1АК - бывшая 3-ка "Беркут" - на Д-1 где-то на Новгородско-Дзержинском направлении". 27 April 2023. Retrieved 24 October 2023.
^ abcdefghij"OSCE SMM Daily Report" (PDF). 21 June 2020.
^"Ukrainian Military Deploys Turkish-made Bayraktar Drone in Donbas". Defense World Net. 26 October 2021. Retrieved 26 October 2021.
^"Ukraine accuses Russia of sending dozens of tanks into its territory". CNN. 6 November 2014.
^"OSCE 'very concerned' by tanks, convoys in Ukraine". 8 November 2014.
^The Military Balance 2012. IISS. 7 March 2012. p. 166. ISBN 978-1857436426.
^Pierre Vaux, Catherine A. Fitzpatrick (30 January 2015). "203 mm 2S7 Pion Self-Propelled Artillery Filmed In Makeyevka". The Interpreter. The Institute of Modern Russia. Retrieved 7 February 2015.
^"Secret cargo of the Russian "humanitarian convoys" passing through Makiivka". 22 March 2017.
^"Latest from OSCE Special Monitoring Mission (SMM) to Ukraine based on information received as of 19:30 (Kyiv time), 5 July 2015" OSCE 6 July 2015
^ ab"The DNR showed missiles of its own production". Archived from the original on 9 May 2018. Retrieved 1 May 2022.
^ abБоевики бьют по украинской армии на Донбассе новыми ракетами | Донбасc Реалии, retrieved 19 June 2022
^ abGiles, Keir (6 February 2015). "Ukraine crisis: Russia tests new weapons". BBC News. Retrieved 19 March 2015.
^"Uragan Rockets Spotted In Khartsyzsk, East of Donetsk / Ukraine Live Day 353: Rada Votes To Strip MPs Of Immunity". The Interpreter. The Institute of Modern Russia. 5 February 2015. Retrieved 7 February 2015.
^"[1152] Makeevka: Smerch". Bellingcat Vehicles. 22 January 2015. Archived from the original on 11 February 2015. Retrieved 11 February 2015.
^"[1154] Makeevka: Smerch". Bellingcat Vehicles. 22 January 2015. Archived from the original on 11 February 2015. Retrieved 11 February 2015.
^"Tymchuk: Militants acquire highly mobile Grad-P systems". UNIAN. 23 March 2015. Retrieved 24 December 2015.
^Боевые машины РСЗО "Град" 2Б26 на параде в Ростове-на-Дону Archived 3 February 2015 at archive.today // military-informant.com, 13 May 2012. (in Russian)
^Боевики "ДНР" похвастались новым российским "Градом". ВИДЕО+ФОТО// Censor.net.ua, 23 January 2015. (in Russian)
^"Participation of the Russian MLRS from the 18th Brigade in Lunging of Ukraine: Photo Facts and Geolocation". 28 February 2016.
^"Latest from OSCE Special Monitoring Mission (SMM) to Ukraine based on information received as of 27 September 2015 | OSCE". www.osce.org. Retrieved 27 November 2019.
^"ДНР заявляет о захвате около 70 единиц военной техники силовиков". RIA Novosti. 8 August 2014. Retrieved 7 February 2015.
^"Ополченцы взяли в кольцо аэропорт в Донецке". Life News. 10 July 2014. Retrieved 14 July 2014.
^ ab"OSCE identifies Russian 51U6 Kasta 2E1 radar in Ukraine". Janes.com. Retrieved 7 March 2021.
^Nemtsov, Boris; Yashin, Ilya; Shorina, Olga (May 2015). Putin. War – Based on materials from Boris Nemtsov (PDF) (Report). Free Russia Foundation. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 May 2015. Retrieved 6 June 2015.
Boris Nemtsov. "Putin. The War", about the Involvement of Russia in the Eastern Ukraine conflict and the Crimea (PDF) (Report). European Union Foreign Affairs Journal.
^Smallwood, Michael (5 February 2015). "Russian 96K6 Pantsir-S1 air defence system in Ukraine". Armament Research Services (ARES). Retrieved 20 February 2015.
^Higgins, Eliot (28 May 2015). "Russia's Pantsir-S1s Geolocated in Ukraine". Bellingcat. Retrieved 6 June 2015.
^MoF Ukraine published evidences of Russia transferring arms to Donbas. Radio Liberty. 18 June 2014
^Ukraine requests explanations from the RF on how Igla could end up from the Russian military base to Donbas. UNIAN. 18 June 2014.
^Thomas Grove and Warren Strobel (29 July 2014). "Special Report – Where Ukraine's separatists get their weapons". Reuters. Retrieved 2 January 2015.
^Dvoryanchykov, Yu. Russian military expert identified spetsnaz of RF in Sloviansk. Daily Lviv. 4 May 2014
^"Latest from OSCE Special Monitoring Mission (SMM) to Ukraine based on information received as of 19:30 (Kyiv time), 16 August 2015". OSCE. 20 June 2016. Retrieved 20 June 2016.
^"Latest from OSCE Special Monitoring Mission (SMM) to Ukraine based on information received as of 19:30, 15 June 2016". OSCE. 16 June 2016. Retrieved 1 February 2017.
^ abcdOSCE Special Monitoring Mission to Ukraine (11 August 2018). "Latest from the OSCE Special Monitoring Mission to Ukraine (SMM), based on information received as of 19:30, 10 August 2018". www.osce.org. Retrieved 14 August 2018.
^ abcOSCE Special Monitoring Mission to Ukraine (12 March 2020). "Daily Report 60/2020". www.osce.org. Retrieved 24 March 2020.
^OSCE Special Monitoring Mission to Ukraine (18 February 2020). "Latest from the OSCE Special Monitoring Mission to Ukraine (SMM), based on information received as of 19:30, 17 February 2018" (PDF). www.osce.org.
^"The Mysterious Air Force Of Ukraine's Pro-Russian Separatists". Worldcrunch. 27 February 2015.
^"Ukraine: building an air force rebel style". Airheads Fly. 19 January 2015. Archived from the original on 22 January 2018. Retrieved 24 February 2015.
^"ЛНР обзавелась боевой авиацией – СМИ (LPR acquired combat aircraft – media)" (in Russian). Korrespondent.net. 17 January 2015. Retrieved 24 February 2015.
^Oren Dotan (19 January 2015). "Separatists In Ukraine Are Raiding Museums To Build An Air Force". Vocativ. Retrieved 20 October 2018.
^"United Forces unit servicemen shot down UAV type ′′ Eleron ′′ of Russian occupation troops". Facebook. Retrieved 1 December 2021.
^ abcdefgh"Weapons of the War in Ukraine". Conflict Armament Research. November 2021. pp. 130–147. Retrieved 1 December 2021.
^"UK researchers trace 95% of weapons in Ukraine warzone to Russian manufacturers". Euromaidan Press. 23 November 2021. Retrieved 1 December 2021.
^"Eleron-3SV – $200K Russian military intelligence drone as a present to Donetsk terrorists. | Lugansk News Today". Retrieved 1 December 2021.
^"RUSSIAN ELERON – 35V DRONE DESTROYED IN DONBAS (VIDEO). INTERESTING FACTS REVEALED". old.defence-ua.com. Retrieved 1 December 2021.
^"Five Downed Russian Drones in Ukraine". 6 January 2017.
^Бриман, Шимон (8 May 2015). Над Донбассом сбит израильский беспилотник. ЭКСКЛЮЗИВ. 9 Канал (in Russian). Retrieved 7 September 2015.
^Dombe, Ami Rojkes (10 May 2015). "Report: Israeli-made Russian drone was shot down in Ukraine". Israel Defense. Retrieved 7 September 2015.
^"Операція... - Операція об'єднаних сил / Joint Forces Operation". www.facebook.com. Retrieved 1 December 2021.
^@DFRLab (30 July 2018). "#MinskMonitor: Russian Drones Directed Separatist Artillery Against Ukraine". DFRLab. Retrieved 1 December 2021.
^"Advanced Russian artillery reconnaissance system Navodchik-2 spotted in Donbas for the first time". InformNapalm.org (English). 20 November 2020. Retrieved 1 December 2021.
^Під Амвросіївкою військові збили черговий російський безпілотник (in Ukrainian). Espreso.tv. 23 July 2017. Retrieved 17 September 2017.
^Украина опубликовала фото упавшего "российского беспилотника" (in Russian). TV Rain. 17 September 2017. Retrieved 17 September 2017.
^"Latest from the OSCE Special Monitoring Mission to Ukraine (SMM), based on information received as of 19:30, 14 May 2017". www.osce.org. Retrieved 27 December 2022.
^Censor.NET (July 2014). "Ukrainian Gunner Shot Down a Russian Drone: "It May have Saved Someone's Life". PHOTOS". Censor.NET. Retrieved 1 December 2021.
^"Russian-made UAV downed by Ukraine troops in Donetsk region". www.unian.info. Retrieved 1 December 2021.
^"Armed Forces Of Ukraine Shoot Down Russian Drone In Donetsk Region". Fighter Jets World. 6 April 2020. Retrieved 1 December 2021.
^"Фото: Україна збила новий російський безпілотник на Донбасі". UA.NEWS. 6 April 2020. Retrieved 1 December 2021.
^ abThe militants created a "flotilla" in the Azov Sea – Voronchenko, Ukrayinska Pravda (28 December 2018)