Fresh Kills

Estuary in Staten Island, New York

Fresh Kills
View of Fresh Kills from Fresh Kills Park
Fresh Kills on the western edge of Staten Island
Location
Country	United States
State	New York
City	New York City
Borough	Staten Island

Fresh Kills (from the Middle Dutch word kille, meaning "riverbed" or "water channel") is a stream and freshwater estuary in the western portion of the New York City borough of Staten Island. It is the site of the Fresh Kills Landfill, formerly New York City's principal landfill.

The watershed (basin) of the Fresh Kills drains much of the wet lowlands of the western portion of the island and flows into the Arthur Kill around the Isle of Meadows. Its co-tributaries include the Rahway River, Morses Creek (New Jersey), Piles Creek, and, via Newark Bay, the Passaic River and the Hackensack River. The channel around the north end of the Isle of Meadows is sometimes called Little Fresh Kill and the southern channel is called Great Fresh Kill.

The stream has two major branches. The north branch is Main Creek and the Springville Creek. The south branch is Richmond Creek, which drains much of the central part of the island, with its headwaters near Historic Richmond Town, on the southern end of the terminal moraine of the island. The system of streams provides recreational kayaking and wildlife viewing in the preserved wetlands.

Since 2006, the New York City Department of Parks and Recreation has been implementing the master plan developed by landscape architecture firm Field Operations to transform Fresh Kills Landfill into Fresh Kills Park. Covering 2,200 acres (8.9 km²), nearly three times the size of Central Park, Fresh Kills Park will offer a variety of public spaces and facilities for varied activities including nature trails, mountain biking, community events, outdoor dining, sports fields, kayaking and canoeing. In addition, the park's design, ecological restoration and cultural and educational programming will emphasize environmental sustainability and a renewed public concern for our human impact on earth. Renewable energy is planned both for use in capital projects and for large-scale demonstration and public benefit. Photovoltaic cells, wind turbines and geothermal heating and cooling are components of current capital projects. While the full build-out will continue in phases for the next 30 years, the first sections of parkland to be developed opened in early 2010, and the park is expected to be complete by the 2030s.^[1]

References

^ Fresh Kills Park, New York City Department of Parks and Recreation. Accessed October 1, 2007.

Waterways of New York City

Tidal straits

New York Harbor	Buttermilk Channel The Narrows Ambrose Channel New York Bight
Other interstate	Arthur Kill Kill Van Kull Long Island Sound
Intra-city	Bronx Kill East River Hell Gate Harlem River Rockaway Inlet Spuyten Duyvil Creek

Bays and coves

New York Bay

Upper New York Bay	Gowanus Bay
Lower New York Bay	Gravesend Bay Great Kills Jamaica Bay Bergen Basin East Rockaway Inlet Mill Basin Paerdegat Basin Newark Bay Prince's Bay Raritan Bay Rockaway Inlet Dead Horse Bay Sheepshead Bay

East River

Long Island Sound

Rivers, creeks,
canals

Hudson River
- North River

Long Island	Alley Pond Bushwick Inlet Coney Island Creek Flushing River Gerritsen Creek Gowanus Canal Hawtree Creek Horse Brook Kissena Creek Newtown Creek Spring Creek Sunswick Creek
The Bronx	Bronx River Hutchinson River Pugsley's Creek Rattlesnake Creek Tibbetts Brook Westchester Creek
Manhattan	Broad Street Canal Street Minetta Creek Sawkill Creek Sherman Creek
Staten Island	Fresh Kills Richmond Creek Lemon Creek New Creek

Lakes, ponds,
reservoirs

Long Island	Baisley Pond Beaver Pond Bowne Lake Golden Pond Goose Pond Kissena Lake Meadow and Willow Lakes Potamogeton Pond Prospect Park Lake Ridgewood Reservoir Roy Wilkins Park Pond Strack Pond
The Bronx	Crotona Park Reservoir Jerome Park Reservoir Van Cortlandt Lake Williamsbridge Reservoir
Manhattan	Collect Pond Central Park Conservatory Water Harlem Meer Lake Onassis Reservoir Pond Pool and Loch Turtle Pond Croton Distributing Reservoir Highbridge Reservoir
Staten Island	Clove Lakes Long Pond Sharrotts Pond Silver Lake Wolfe's Pond

Former waterways shown in italics. Smaller ponds may not be shown.
See also: Geography of New York City, Geography of New York–New Jersey Harbor Estuary

v t e Neighborhoods in the New York City borough of Staten Island
North Shore (Community District 1)	Arlington northern Castleton Corners Brighton Heights Clifton Concord Elm Park Fort Wadsworth northern Graniteville Grymes Hill Livingston Mariners Harbor northern Meiers Corners New Brighton Old Place Park Hill Port Ivory Port Richmond Randall Manor Rosebank Saint George Shore Acres Silver Lake Stapleton Stapleton Heights Sunnyside Tompkinsville Ward Hill West New Brighton Westerleigh
Mid-Island (Community District 2)	Arrochar Bloomfield Bulls Head southern Castleton Corners Chelsea Dongan Hills Egbertville Emerson Hill southern Graniteville Grant City Grasmere Heartland Village Lighthouse Hill Manor Heights southern Meiers Corners Midland Beach New Dorp New Springville Oakwood Ocean Breeze Old Town Richmondtown South Beach Teleport Todt Hill Travis southern Willowbrook
South Shore (Community District 3)	Annadale Arden Heights Bay Terrace Charleston Eltingville Great Kills Greenridge Huguenot Pleasant Plains Prince's Bay Richmond Valley Rossville Sandy Ground Tottenville Woodrow
Related areas	East Shore West Shore
Community boards: 1 2 3 Joint interest areas: 95