Cimicomorpha

Order of true bugs

Assassin bugs, bed bugs, and allies
Scanning electron microscope image of a lace bug (family Tingidae)
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Hemiptera
Suborder: Heteroptera
Infraorder: Cimicomorpha
Leston et al. 1954
Families

see text

The Cimicomorpha are an infraorder of insects in the order Hemiptera, the true bugs.[1] The rostrum and other morphology of all members apparently is adapted to feeding on animals as their prey or hosts. Members include bed bugs, bat bugs, assassin bugs, and pirate bugs.

The two infraorders Cimicomorpha and Pentatomorpha have very similar characteristics, possibly as a result of the evolution of plant feeding. The key similarity that unites the Cimicomorpha and Pentatomorpha is the loss of the arolia (adhesive pads) on the pretarsi of the insects. These two infraorders comprise 90% of Heteroptera species.

These insects are a part of the old, informal classification of “Geocorisae” (land bugs). Among these bugs, parental care has evolved several times. Parental care varies from brooding of the eggs by the female, to a more active form that involves protection of young against predators and the female covering the nymphs under her body.

Superfamilies and families

BioLib includes:[1]

superfamily Cimicoidea Latreille, 1802
  • Anthocoridae Fieber, 1837 – flower bugs, pirate bugs
  • Cimicidae Latreille, 1802 – bedbugs
  • Nabidae A. Costa, 1853 – damsel bugs
  • Curaliidae Schuh, Weirauch & Henry, 2008
  • Lasiochilidae
  • Lyctocoridae Reuter, 1884
  • Plokiophilidae China, 1953
  • Polyctenidae Westwood, 1874 – Old World bat bugs
superfamily Miroidea Hahn, 1833
superfamily Reduvioidea Latreille, 1807
  • Reduviidae Latreille, 1807 – assassin and thread-legged bugs
  • Ceresopseidae Becker-Migdisova, 1958
  • Pachynomidae Stål, 1873
  • Palaeotanyrhinidae Poinar, Brown & Kóbor, 2022†
superfamily Tingoidea Laporte, 1832
  • Tingidae Laporte, 1832 – lace bugs
  • Hispanocaderidae Golub & Popov, 2012 †
  • Ignotingidae Zhang, Golub, Popov & Shcherbakov, 2005 †
superfamily Joppeicoidea Reuter, 1910
superfamily Thaumastocoroidea Kirkaldy, 1908

incertae sedis and other fossil taxa

  • Velocipedidae Bergroth, 1891
  • Vetanthocoridae Yao et al., 2006 †
  • Torirostratidae Yao, Cai, Shih & Engel 2014 †
  • genus Sternocoris Popov, 1986 †

References

  1. ^ a b BioLib.cz: infraorder Cimicomorpha Latreille, 1802 (retrieved 28 August 2020)

External links

  • True Bugs. Planetary Biodiversity Inventory.
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Extant Hemiptera families
Cicadomorpha
Cercopoidea
(froghoppers)
Cicadoidea
(cicadas)
Membracoidea
Fulgoromorpha
(planthoppers)
Fulgoroidea
Aleyrodoidea
  • Aleyrodidae (whiteflies)
Aphidoidea
(aphids)
Coccoidea
(scale insects)
  • Aclerdidae
  • Asterolecaniidae (pit scales)
  • Beesoniidae (beesoniids)
  • Carayonemidae (carayonemids)
  • Cerococcidae (ornate pit scales)
  • Coccidae (soft scales)
  • Conchaspididae
  • Dactylopiidae (cochineals)
  • Diaspididae (armored scales)
  • Eriococcidae (felt scales)
  • Halimococcidae (pupillarial palm scales)
  • Kermesidae
  • Kerriidae (lac scales)
  • Lecanodiaspididae (false pit scales)
  • Margarodidae (cottony cushion scales, giant coccids, ground pearls)
  • Micrococcidae (Mediterranean scales)
  • Monophlebidae (giant scales)
  • Ortheziidae (ensign scales)
  • Phenacoleachiidae (phenacoleachiids)
  • Phoenicococcidae (palm scales)
  • Pseudococcidae (mealybugs)
  • Putoidae (giant mealybugs)
  • Stictococcidae (stictococcids)
Phylloxeroidea
  • Adelgidae (woolly conifer aphids)
  • Phylloxeridae (phylloxerans)
Psylloidea
Suborder Heteroptera (with Coleorrhyncha)
Dipsocoromorpha
Enicocephalomorpha
Enicocephaloidea
Gerromorpha
(semiaquatic bugs)
Gerroidea
Hebroidea
  • Hebridae (velvet water bugs)
Hydrometroidea
  • Hydrometridae (marsh treaders or water measurers)
  • Macroveliidae
  • Paraphrynoveliidae
Mesovelioidea
(water treaders)
Leptopodomorpha
Nepomorpha
(true water bugs)
Corixoidea
  • Corixidae (water boatmen)
Nepoidea
  • Belostomatidae (giant water bugs)
  • Nepidae (water scorpions, needle bugs)
Ochteroidea
  • Gelastocoridae (toad bugs)
  • Ochteridae (velvety shore bugs)
Aphelocheiroidea
Naucoroidea
  • Naucoridae (creeping water bugs)
Notonectoidea
  • Notonectidae (backswimmers)
Pleoidea
Peloridiomorpha
(Coleorrhyncha)
Cimicomorpha
Cimicoidea
  • Anthocoridae (minute pirate bugs or flower bugs)
  • Cimicidae (bed bugs, bat bugs)
  • Curaliidae (Curalium cronini)
  • Joppeicidae
  • Lasiochilidae
  • Lyctocoridae
  • Medocostidae
  • Microphysidae
  • Miridae (plant bugs, leaf bugs, grass bugs)
  • Nabidae (damsel bugs)
  • Pachynomidae
  • Plokiophilidae
  • Polyctenidae (old world bat bugs)
  • Reduviidae (assassin bugs, wheel bugs, thread-legged bugs)
  • Thaumastocoridae (royal palm bugs)
  • Tingidae (lace bugs)
  • Velocipedidae
Pentatomomorpha
Aradoidea
  • Aradidae (flat bugs)
  • Termitaphididae (termite bugs)
Pentatomoidea
(shield bugs)
Coreoidea
Lygaeoidea
Pyrrhocoroidea
  • Pyrrhocoridae (red bugs, cotton stainers)
  • Largidae (bordered plant bugs)
Note: Coleorrhyncha are a different clade from Heteroptera. Heteroptera with Coleorrhyncha were referred to as Prosorrhyncha.
Taxon identifiers
Cimicomorpha